Hull of flying machines



y body of Patented dan., i192@u :maar

HULL or FLYING MACHINES.

Application filed .Tune 28,1920. -Serial No. 392,552.

To all whom t may concern: l

Be it known that I, CLAUDrUs DORNIER, a citizen of Germany, residing atFriedrichshafen, Germany, have invented certain new 5S and usefulvImprovements in Hulls of Flying Machines, of which the following is aspecification.

My present invention relates to flying machines and more especially tothe hull or such a machine and is intended to 4satisfactorily solve theproblem of housing :the power. plant in the case of flying machinesprovided with a plurality of motors and propellers, respectively. In thecase of flying machines of this kind, it has always been considered as avery serious drawback that1 those portions of the power. plant lodgedoutside vof the hull are only rendered accessible with great difficulty.The result is that engine cars of rather large size have had to beconstructed, as the accessibility thereto by way of the planes forms aproblem which can only be solved successfully in the case of big flyingmachines having four 25,01' even more than four motors of the strengthat present in use, while in the case of smaller types of flyingAmachines this -would result in practically impossible plane sectionsbeing constructed. Moreover the degree of accessibility which can beeasily effected does not comply with all requirements.

If thus up to'now there always existed considerable difficulties ofproperly tending the motors, this drawback has become still moreapparent in connectionwith single deck aeroplanes, a type of flyingmachines more and more acknowledged as being cx- 'tremely favorable. Forin this particular forces owing to t e weight of the power plant, causedextreme trouble. For while the said forces in the case of multiple deckaeroplanes of advantageous construction, and having a plurality ofmotors, areimmediately transferred to the carriage, a simple and directtransmission of this kind can not be readily obtained in the case ofmore 0r less self-supporting single deck flying apparatus, as the plane,which is already subject to great strains, must thenv be made speciallystrong at its seat, i. e. at the place where it is joined to the hull. AMy present invention is intended to obconstruction the transmission ofthe landing viate all these drawbacks by not only providing a readyaccessibility to the motors, and an advantageous transmission of power,but, in addition, by offering the possibility of reinforcing the planeby means of stays having a favorable angle ofapplication. Theseadvantages are obtained by the hull or body being provided at its sideswith disk- 'shaped hollow extensions forming an rintegral part thereof,and which are intended to house either the entire power plant or thedriving gear only, as may be desired, and which at the same timeshall'serve as a stay or support for the more or less selfsupportingwings. advisability of arranging the 'motors or rthe driving gear closeto the hull proper, the said hollow disk-shaped members possess, inaccordance with my invention, but a slight depth, with the result thatthe hull will obl tain approximately the cross-section o f an invertedT. y

By these means theentiremotor plant or,where this is arranged in thecenter, merely the laterally' located driving gear may either entirelyor partly be'lodged on or within the disk-shaped hollow extensions, sothat said parts of the driving mechanism will be constantly and readilyaccessible, while, on the other hand` the carriage mav 'be easilyarranged in\sueh wise that it will be able to take up directly theforces trans,

mitted. Moreover by fixing stays to the extremities of the disk-shapedhollow eX- tensions there is obtained an essential reduction in 'heightof the wing joists, and consequently', a favorable wing section.Furtheradvantages` reside inv the fact that Jthe` wings may be supportedat a relatively great .width by aid ot stays having a very favorableangle, and that further, the forces may be taken upA advantageously bythe laterally disposed hollow bodies of the hull. and thus directlytransmitted on to the carriage.

In the accompanying drawings forming part of this 4specification, thepreferred form of a structure embodying the subject matter of myilive'ntion is clearly illustrated.'

Fig.,1"discloses a front elevation of the improved hull structure asIapplied to a monoplane;

F ig. 2 is a front elevation,

Having regard to thel Fig. 3 a side elevation and Fig. 4 a plan of apart of the hulldrawn to an enlarged scale.

The monoplane shown in Fig. 1 consists of a body or hull l, havinglateral hollow extensions 2 on which the covered motors 3 Vare so lodgedas to be accessible from the interior of the hull. The plane ZLwhichextends right `across the entire structure is connected at the center tothe hull and laterally supported or stayed by stays 5. The

wheels 6 of the carriage are disposed imvmediately .below the motorsS.

Although the sub]ec`t matter 'of my invention is intended in the firstline Jfor' single deck flying machines provided at each Side with one,or it may bea plurality of`motors,

itis however equally applicable in respect of multiple deck machines.yIn the case of large sized flying machines7 one 1 completel carriage,comprising one or morel setsA of wheels, will be found to be requiredfor each side. `said carriages being "then arranged symmetrically toeach power plant. Or the power plant mayalso be located centrally, i..e. all the motors may, if desired, be housed in the hull proper, onlythe driving gear' (bevel-wheel gear, or the like)7 being disposed on theoutside and lodged on or within the hollow extensions.

I claim l. Flying machine comprising in combination a hull the middleportion ot' which has a cross-section resembling a hollow inverted 'l'and driving gear on the lateral portions of said hull.

e 2. Flying machine comprising in combination a. hull the middle portionof which has a cross-section resembling a hollow inverted. T, drivinggear on the lateral portions ot' said hull and a supportingvplane.braced against said lateral portions.

3. Flying y machine comprising` in combination a hull the middlevportion of which has a cross-section resembling a hollow inverted and amotor on'each lateral portion of said hull.

I 4.' Flying machine comprising in com-w bination a hull the lmidleportion of which has a cross-section resembling a hollow inverted-T, amotor on and a carriage below each lateralportion of said hull.

In testimony whereof I aliiX my signature.

-CLAUDUS DRNIER.

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